Digestion Foods

Fat digestion is more than just enzymatic breakdown of fatty foods in out diet unlike carbohydrate and protein digestion which mainly involve the activity of enzymes in splitting them into their constituent molecules. Fats are insoluble in the watery environment of the intestinal fluids and require processing before the digestive enzymes can act on them. Learn what these additional steps in fat digestion are and what digestive enzymes participate in lipid digestion.

Fats in our diet are largely represented by triglycerides and to a smaller extent by phospholipids and cholesterol. Triglycerides are molecules made of three fatty acids linked together by one molecule of glycerol. Digestion of fats includes breakdown of triglycerides to release fatty acids that can be absorbed by the intestinal cells.

Fat Emulsification – First Step in the Digestion of Fats

The problem with fat digestion is that the digestive enzymes are water-soluble and so cannot dissolve into globules of fat to act on the triglycerides they contain. They can only act on the surfaces of the fat globules in the food. This means that fat droplets have to first be broken down into much smaller sizes so that these enzymes have plenty of surface area to work on. This process is called emulsification of fat.